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Ceramic
tiles are rated via the American Society for Testing and Materials for their
abilities to withstand normal use circumstances. These factors determine the
safety of the tile and its recommended usage. In addition to these tests, tiles
also are graded for overall quality. When selecting ceramic tiles, it’s
important to compare all ratings to get the best tile for your application.
Tile Grading:
Tiles are graded
using a numerical numbering system based on their thickness and quality. A
rating of 1 is the highest quality and tile available, matches exact with same
master piece, and you can use them anywhere. Grade 2 reflects that some
imperfections exist but the tile still is usable on walls or floors. These
tiles are approximately 1 or 2 minor defaults (like scratch, dull shininess, etc).
Grade 3 tiles are the 1 to 4 defaults, and are appropriate for use only on
walls. Grades 1 through 3 sometimes are referred to as standard, secondary or
cull grade, respectively.
Wear
Rating and Scratch Resistance
The
Porcelain Enamel Institute rates tiles on their ability to resist abrasions
caused by everyday wear and tear. The higher the roman numeral beside “PEI” in
the printed rating, the better the resistance. Tiles rated I or II are not
suited for installation on a floor. Floor tiles must be rated at III or higher
for residential use; the highest rating, IV, is recommended for high-traffic
commercial floors. The PEI rating applies only to glazed tiles. Glazed and
unglazed tiles are rated for scratch resistance and hardness via the Mohs
scratch test. The tiles are rated from a soft 1, or Talc, to 10, or Diamond,
the hardest tile available. A random selection of tiles is scratched with
special testing tools, each with a different mineral hardness, until the
surface shows the scratch mark made. A rating of 5 or higher is recommended for
home flooring and 7 or higher for commercial floors.
Water Absorption and Frost
A tile's water absorption rating helps you determine if the tile
is suitable for installation in your room. The rating is calculated based on
how much water the tile absorbs in relation to its weight. For example, tiles
rated as non-vitreous will not survive a high-moisture environment such as a
shower because they absorb more than 7 percent of their weight. For wet areas,
including exterior patios, the tiles must be vitreous or impervious. This test
is completed by exposing the tile to dyed, standing water for 16 hours and then
checking for penetration. In combination with the water absorption rating,
tiles are rated for frost resistance. Vitreous and impervious tiles are frost
resistant because they don’t absorb enough water to freeze and crack the tile. Unlike
water absorption, frost resistance is not rated as a number. If the
frost-resistant symbol is present, the tile is not subject to freeze/thaw
damages. This icon is not applicable if you intend to use the tiles indoors.
Coefficient of Friction
The C.O.F. rating denotes the force required for an object to
move across the surface of the tile divided by the tile's weight. The primary
concern for this rating is whether a person walking on the tile risks slipping
due to lack of friction. The rating is preferred to be above .50 foot pounds
for home installations and must be above .60 for commercial buildings under the
Americans with Disabilities Act. The values are indicated first in foot pounds,
followed by SI Units in parenthesis on the tile information sheet.
Quality Control Tests have to also be
preformed in the manufacturing stage. This type of quality control consists of
charts that are used to record particle size, milling time, drying temperature,
time, compaction pressure, dimensions after pressing, density, firing
temperature and time. If importing ceramic tiles from China then performing
testing and inspection prior to shipment is critical. Always make sure you when
have the proper ASTM ceramic tiles tests performed by InTouch Quality's
experienced staff who will create a ceramic tile inspection procedure
personalized for you.
INHI Operations team
Our team consists of supervisors specialized in various
types of products. We handle client requests, analyse their instructions &
specifications to provide qualitative inspection protocols to the inspectors
for high quality reports. I will be more than happy to personally take a look
at it and let you know what things we can add to improve your specification
sheet. Remember, it never hurts to be overly detailed, as long as you stay organized
and concise. Get to
know us!
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Wow what a Great Information about World Day its very nice informative post. thanks for the post.
ReplyDeletetravertine floor tile
I recently renovated my home in Trinidad and decided to go with ceramic floor tiles.
ReplyDelete